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id="print"> <p class="NewStyle64" style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:15.7500pt; margin-left:1.0000pt; text-indent:0.0000pt; page-break-after:avoid; mso-pagination:lines-together; line-height:15.0000pt; mso-line-height-rule:exactly; "><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt;"><a href='https://www.yujiangcnc.com/' target='_blank'>五轴加工中心</a>后置处理技术</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="NewStyle62" style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:26.0000pt; mso-pagination:none; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; line-height:19.2000pt; mso-line-height-rule:exactly; "><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">数控加工过程主要可以分为1、零件几何造型，2、加工路径的处理，3、生成刀位 文件，4、后置处理，5、生成</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">NC</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">数控代码，6、实施加工六个过程。</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="NewStyle62" style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:13.1500pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:26.0000pt; mso-pagination:none; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; line-height:19.2000pt; mso-line-height-rule:exactly; "><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">在</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">UG</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">中加工模块的主要功能是创建工件几何体加工的刀具路径</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: super;">[23]</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">。但是在加工模 块中生成的刀具轨迹路径如果不经后置处理就无法直接应用到数控机床上进行工件加工 </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: super;">[24]</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">。这是因为不同的机床厂家生产的各种机床运行条件是不完全相同的，有些机床的旋 转轴是水平放置，而另一些机床的旋转轴为竖直放置，还有的一些机床在进行加工时却 可以实现多轴联动等。并且各种机床所使用到的控制系统也不尽相同，对于同一功能， 在不同的数控系统中其数控代码也不完全相同。这些与特定的机床相关的信息，却并不 包含在刀具位置源文件中。因此刀具位置源文件在进行加工之前必须进行相关的后置处 理，以适应不同机床和控制系统的特殊要求。这种根据各种机床的参数格式化前置处理 生成的刀具位置源文件，并生成可以直接应用于机床加工的</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">NC</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">代码的过程称之为后置 处理</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: super;">[25]</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">。</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="NewStyle61" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 8.35pt; text-indent: 0pt; page-break-after: avoid; line-height: 14pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt;">3.1</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt;">后置处理主要任务</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="NewStyle62" style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:26.0000pt; mso-pagination:none; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; line-height:19.2000pt; mso-line-height-rule:exactly; "><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">后置处理的根本任务是根据具体机床的运动结构和控制指令格式</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: super;">[26]</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">，将前置处理计 算出的刀位数据转换成机床各轴的运动数据，并按其控制指令的格式进行转换，生成数 控机床的加工程序。其过程框图如图</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">3.1</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">所示。</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="NewStyle62" style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; mso-pagination:none; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; line-height:19.2000pt; mso-line-height-rule:exactly; "><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">3.2 五轴加工中心运动求解</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="NewStyle62" style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; mso-pagination:none; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; line-height:19.2000pt; mso-line-height-rule:exactly; "><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">加工中心的运动求解是为将前置处理生成的刀位文件中的刀位数据信息转换为被后置处理应用的坐标轴的运动数据。常见的机床运动求解一般假设机床各坐标轴能够处在相互垂直的理想状态下，而不去考虑实际的机床误差。本文主要涉及到的加工中心为华拓 5MC850-A 数控加工中心，其结构形式为双转台机床，旋转轴为绕 X 轴做旋转运动的A 轴和绕 Z 轴旋转的 C 轴，所以接下来主要针对这一机床结构展开运动求解。我们暂且把这种机床叫做“A-C 轴加工中心”，A-C 轴加工中心的运动链及坐标系统如图 3.2 所示。</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt;"><br /> O</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; vertical-align: sub;">w</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt;">X</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; vertical-align: sub;">w</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt;">Y</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; vertical-align: sub;">w</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt;">Z</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; vertical-align: sub;">w</span><span style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt;">、0</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; vertical-align: sub;">M</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt;">X</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; vertical-align: sub;">M</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt;">Y</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; vertical-align: sub;">M</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt;">Z</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; vertical-align: sub;">M</span><span style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt;">和</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt;">O</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; vertical-align: sub;">t</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt;">X</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; vertical-align: sub;">t</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt;">Y</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; vertical-align: sub;">t</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt;">Zt</span><span style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt;">分别为工件、轴、刀具的坐标系。</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt;">O</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; vertical-align: sub;">t</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt;">X</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; vertical-align: sub;">t</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt;">Y</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; vertical-align: sub;">t</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt;">Zt </span><span style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt;">和</span><span style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt;">0</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; vertical-align: sub;">M</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt;">X</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; vertical-align: sub;">M</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt;">Y</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; vertical-align: sub;">M</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt;">Z</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; vertical-align: sub;">M</span><span style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt;">的坐标轴方向与机床坐标系相一致。各坐标系的原点位置如上图所示。 由于要将刀位数据转化为各轴间的运动数据，所以需将刀具坐标系</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt;">OtXtYt</span><span style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt;">^</span><span style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt;">相对于工件 坐标系</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt;">O</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; vertical-align: sub;">w</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt;">X</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; vertical-align: sub;">w</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt;">Y</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; vertical-align: sub;">w</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt;">Z</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; vertical-align: sub;">w</span><span style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt;">进行运动转换，它们间的运动转换可分解为刀具坐标系</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt;">O</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; vertical-align: sub;">t</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt;">X</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; vertical-align: sub;">t</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt;">Y</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; vertical-align: sub;">t</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt;">Zt</span><span style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt;">相 对于定轴坐标系</span><span class="16" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-variant: small-caps;">O</span><span class="16" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-variant: small-caps; vertical-align: sub;">m</span><span class="16" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-variant: small-caps;">X</span><span class="16" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-variant: small-caps; vertical-align: sub;">m</span><span class="16" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-variant: small-caps;">Y</span><span class="16" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-variant: small-caps; vertical-align: sub;">m</span><span class="16" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-variant: small-caps;">Z</span><span class="16" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-variant: small-caps; vertical-align: sub;">m</span><span style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt;">的平行移动和工件坐标系</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt;">O</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; vertical-align: sub;">w</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt;">X</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; vertical-align: sub;">w</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt;">Y</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; vertical-align: sub;">w</span><span class="26" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt;">Z</span><span style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; vertical-align: sub;">w</span><span style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt;">相对于定轴坐标系 </span><span class="16" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-variant: small-caps;">O</span><span class="16" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-variant: small-caps; vertical-align: sub;">m</span><span class="16" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-variant: small-caps;">X</span><span class="16" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-variant: small-caps; vertical-align: sub;">m</span><span class="16" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-variant: small-caps;">Y</span><span class="16" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-variant: small-caps; vertical-align: sub;">m</span><span class="16" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-variant: small-caps;">Z</span><span class="16" style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-variant: small-caps; vertical-align: sub;">m</span><span style="line-height: 19.2pt; text-indent: 26pt; font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt;">的转动。</span></p> <p class="NewStyle62" style="margin: 0pt; text-indent: 26pt; line-height: 19.2pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">在初始位置时假定</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">〇</span><span class="16" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-variant: small-caps; font-size: 9pt;">m</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">在工件坐标系中的位置为矢量</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">r</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: sub;">m</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"> (</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">r</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: sub;">x</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">r</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: sub;">y</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: sub;">z</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">)。</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">在刀具坐标系中刀 位点的原始矢量为</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">（000 </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">)、方向矢量记为</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">（00 1 ),</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">加工中心的初始</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">XYZ</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">位置为 </span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">^</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">OxOyOj</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">,</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">而两个旋转轴的初始角度记为</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">Oa</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">和</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">Oc</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">在工件坐标系的刀轴方向矢量为 </span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">u</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">(</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">u</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: sub;">x</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">u</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: sub;">y</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">u</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: sub;">z</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">),</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">工件坐标系中的刀位点的位置矢量记为</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">r</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: sub;">g</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">(</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">g</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: sub;">x</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">gyg</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: sub;">z</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">)。</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">通过坐标变换得出：</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="NewStyle62" style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:9.0000pt; text-indent:0.0000pt; mso-pagination:none; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; line-height:19.7000pt; mso-line-height-rule:exactly; "><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">[</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">u</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: sub;">x</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"> </span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">u</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: sub;">y</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"> </span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">u</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: sub;">z</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"> </span><span class="15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt;">0]</span><span class="15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: super;">T</span><span class="15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">= </span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">T</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">(</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: sub;">m</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">) * </span><span class="15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt;">R</span><span class="15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: sub;">z</span><span class="15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt;">(-O</span><span class="15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: sub;">c</span><span class="15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt;">) </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">* </span><span class="15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt;">R</span><span class="15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: sub;">x</span><span class="15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt;">(-O</span><span class="15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: sub;">a</span><span class="15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt;">) </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">* </span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">T</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">(</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: sub;">0</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"> - </span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: sub;">m</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">) * </span><span class="15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt;">[0 0 1 0]</span><span class="15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: super;">T</span><span class="15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">(2.1)</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt;">[gx g</span><span class="15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: sub;">y</span><span class="15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt;"> gz </span><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">1</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">]</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: super;">T</span><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"> = </span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">T</span><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">(</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: sub;">m</span><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">) * </span><span class="15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt;">R</span><span class="15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: sub;">z</span><span class="15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt;">(-O</span><span class="15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: sub;">c</span><span class="15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt;">) </span><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">* </span><span class="15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt;">R</span><span class="15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: sub;">x</span><span class="15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt;">(-O</span><span class="15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: sub;">a</span><span class="15" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-size: 9pt;">) </span><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">* </span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">T</span><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">(</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: sub;">0</span><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"> - </span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">r</span><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: sub;">m</span><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">) * [0 0 0 1</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;">]</span><span class="26" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt; vertical-align: super;">T</span><span style="font-family: MingLiU; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 9pt;"> </span><span class="31" style="font-family: 宋体; letter-spacing: -0.5pt; font-style: italic; font-size: 9pt;">(2.2)</span></p> <p 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<strong>上一篇</strong><a href="/bethel/5-aix/show-629.html">2.2五轴加工中心类型</a> <div class="blank10"></div> <strong>下一篇</strong><a href="/bethel/5-aix/show-643.html">五轴加工中心后置处理及仿真技术研究-总结与展望</a> </div> <!-- 上下页结束 --> </div><!-- /container --> <!-- 相关文章开始 --> <div class="blank60"></div> <!-- 页面标题开始 --> <div class="title"> <h3><a><a href='/index.php?case=tag&act=show&tag=%E4%BA%94%E8%BD%B4%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83' target='_blank'>五轴加工中心</a> <a href='/index.php?case=tag&act=show&tag=%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83' target='_blank'>加工中心</a> <a href='/index.php?case=tag&act=show&tag=%E6%95%B0%E6%8E%A7%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83' target='_blank'>数控加工中心</a> <a href='/index.php?case=tag&act=show&tag=CNC%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83' target='_blank'>CNC加工中心</a> <a href='/index.php?case=tag&act=show&tag=%E7%AB%8B%E5%BC%8F%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83' target='_blank'>立式加工中心</a> <a href='/index.php?case=tag&act=show&tag=%E7%BA%BF%E8%BD%A8%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83' target='_blank'>线轨加工中心</a> <a href='/index.php?case=tag&act=show&tag=%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83' target='_blank'>高速加工中心</a> <small>相关内容</small></a></h3> <p></p> <span>——</span> </div> <!-- 页面标题结束 --> <hr class="featurette-divider"> <div class="container list-container"> <!-- 内容列表开始 --> <div class="news-list list-border list-border-w"> <div class="list-date"> <span>26</span> <p>2026-08</p> </div> <h4><a title="宇匠数控的五轴发展之路" href="/bethel/news/show-3124.html" target="_blank">宇匠数控的五轴发展之路</a></h4> <p>在高端装备制造领域，宇匠数控正以扎实的技术积淀与持续的创新能力，书写着国产精密数控机床的进阶篇章。作为一家专注于精密数控机床研发、生产和销售的高新技术企业，宇匠数控自2015年12月创立以来，始终深耕高速雕铣中心、中高速加工中心及五轴加工中心等核心产品，致力于为精密加工领域提供具… <a href="/bethel/news/show-3124.html" target="_blank">[了解更多]</a></p> </div> <div class="news-list list-border list-border-w"> <div class="list-date"> <span>25</span> <p>2026-08</p> </div> <h4><a title="叶片五轴加工中心高精度Y轴驱动结构有限元分析" href="/bethel/5-aix/show-3119.html" target="_blank">叶片五轴加工中心高精度Y轴驱动结构有限元</a></h4> <p>通过对初始滑鞍的静力学分析以及模态分析，获得了其最大变形、最大应力、振型以及各阶的频率值，结果均符合设计标准。但初始滑鞍的质量过大，其最大应力值为12.567MPa，远小于QT600材料的屈服强度370MPa。可见该结构设计偏于保守。因此，可对其进行拓扑优化，从而得出最优的材料分… <a href="/bethel/5-aix/show-3119.html" target="_blank">[了解更多]</a></p> </div> <div class="news-list list-border list-border-w"> <div class="list-date"> <span>25</span> <p>2026-08</p> </div> <h4><a title="叶片五轴加工中心高精度Y轴驱动结构设计" href="/bethel/5-aix/show-3118.html" target="_blank">叶片五轴加工中心高精度Y轴驱动结构设计</a></h4> <p>本文设计的叶片五轴联动加工中心整体采用分离轴布局形式，满足切削时高动态响应特性，通过立式结构布局，避免了高立柱结构，结构更紧凑。Y轴的作用是带动主轴箱和B轴箱前后移动，通过设计工艺方案、加工精度以及生产效率等综合考量分析，确定Y轴驱动装置总体布局方案，具体如图2所示。… <a href="/bethel/5-aix/show-3118.html" target="_blank">[了解更多]</a></p> </div> <div class="news-list list-border list-border-w"> <div class="list-date"> <span>24</span> <p>2026-08</p> </div> <h4><a title="五轴卧式加工中心主轴系部件热变形模型应用与验证" href="/bethel/5-aix/show-3112.html" target="_blank">五轴卧式加工中心主轴系部件热变形模型应用</a></h4> <p>5.1补偿实验设置为验证该模型的实用性，设计开展了热误差补偿实验。实验的设备参数、测量方式与热特性实验相同，但计算机以OPC-UA协议与数控系统通讯,搭载的误差模型可基于传感器与系统寄存器的输入,计算补偿值并传递给数控系统。数控系统中与补偿有关的部分寄存器见表11，输入补偿值便可… <a href="/bethel/5-aix/show-3112.html" target="_blank">[了解更多]</a></p> </div> <div class="news-list list-border list-border-w"> <div class="list-date"> <span>24</span> <p>2026-08</p> </div> <h4><a title="五轴卧式加工中心主轴系部件热变形的LSTM建模" href="/bethel/5-aix/show-3111.html" target="_blank">五轴卧式加工中心主轴系部件热变形的LST</a></h4> <p>LSTM使用门控机制调控细胞状态，能够有效捕捉与记忆长序列中的信息，较为适合机床热误差建模。根据仿真与实验的结果，确定主轴误差的主要影响因素为环境温度、转速和主轴温升(ΔTM1、ΔTM2)。立柱的影响因素有立柱与滑块温升(ΔTP2、ΔTP3、ΔTP4、ΔTP5、ΔTM3、ΔTM4… <a href="/bethel/5-aix/show-3111.html" target="_blank">[了解更多]</a></p> </div> <!-- 内容列表结束 --> </div> <!-- 相关文章结束 --> <!-- 页底推荐图文产品开始 --> <hr class="featurette-divider"> <!-- 页面标题开始 --> <div class="title"> <h3 class="wow bounceInDown" data-wow-delay="0.5s"><a href="/bethel/video">产品视频<small></small></a></h3> <span>——</span> </div> <!-- 页面标题结束 --> <div class="container"> <div class="blank30"></div> 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