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"/images/banner/s5.jpg"; var randomBgIndex = Math.round( Math.random() * 4 ); //输出随机的背景图 document.write('<style>.banner{background:url(' + bodyBgs[randomBgIndex] + ') no-repeat 50% bottom}</style>'); //]]> </script> <section> <div class="banner" style="height:160px;"> </div> </section> <!-- 面包屑导航开始 --> <div class="container "> <nav class="sub_menu"> <ol class="breadcrumb"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-list"></span> <li><a href="/">网站首页</a></li> <li><a title="技术文章" href="/bethel/NC">技术文章</a></li> <li><a title="数控文章" href="/bethel/news">数控文章</a></li> </ol> </nav> </div> <!--/sub_menu--><!-- 面包屑导航结束 --> <!-- 页面标题开始 --> <div class="title"> <h3><a>数控加工中心的编程加工模式浅议<small></small></a></h3> </div> <!-- 页面标题结束 --> <hr class="featurette-divider"> <!-- 中部开始 --> <div class="container"> <!-- 正文 --> <div class="lead" id="print"> <p> <span class="1150" style="line-height: 14.15pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20pt; background-color: transparent;">现代生产过程中</span><span class="115" style="line-height: 14.15pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20pt; background-color: transparent;">，</span><span class="1150" style="line-height: 14.15pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20pt; background-color: transparent;">数控加工中心被广泛的运用于自动生产 线中</span><span class="115" style="line-height: 14.15pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20pt; background-color: transparent;">，</span><span class="1150" style="line-height: 14.15pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20pt; background-color: transparent;">数控加工中心的研制和生产应用已成为高技术邻域内迅 速发展起来的一门新兴的技术</span><span class="115" style="line-height: 14.15pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20pt; background-color: transparent;">，</span><span class="1150" style="line-height: 14.15pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20pt; background-color: transparent;">为模具制造和精密加工提供了 前所未有的广阔应用空间</span><span class="115" style="line-height: 14.15pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20pt; background-color: transparent;">，</span><span class="1150" style="line-height: 14.15pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20pt; background-color: transparent;">无论是模具设计者还是模具加工活 动参与者都需要对模具的加工性和设备应用情况有一定的了 解</span><span class="115" style="line-height: 14.15pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20pt; background-color: transparent;">，</span><span class="1150" style="line-height: 14.15pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20pt; background-color: transparent;">充分应用好这一有力的工具。</span></p> <p class="21" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 14.15pt; background: transparent;"><span class="20">1数控加工中心的基本结构特征</span></p> <p class="1151" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="1150">随着加工中心的日益被加工行业所接受</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">更多的加工中心 被用于实际生产和各类加工中，一般对于加工能力来分</span><span class="115">,</span><span class="1150">我们可 以采用三轴二联动</span><span class="115">、</span><span class="1150">三轴三联动</span><span class="115">、</span><span class="1150">四轴三联动</span><span class="115">、</span><span class="1150">五轴四联动</span><span class="115">、</span><span class="1150">六轴 五联动等</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">其加工中心运动坐标数和同时控制的坐标数是我们 能够产生各种复杂运动的基础</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">根据不同的加工需要决定了加 工中心能够完成动作的复杂程度</span><span class="115">,</span><span class="1150">加上控制系统可以同时控制 运动的坐标数即联动数量</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">决定了一个加工中心能够实现的加 工</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">同时根据工作台面的不同</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">也可以分为单工作台加工中心、 双工作台加工中心</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">和多工作台加工中心。</span></p> <p class="1151" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="1150">对于加工中心而已</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">无论立式卧式</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">对于加工过程来说</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">除 了其动作的性能之外</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">加工中心精度是加工中心的主要指标。 根据精度不同分为普通加工中心和高精度加工中心。高精度加 工中心</span><span class="115">、</span><span class="1150">分辨率为</span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">0.1</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">pm</span></span><span class="115"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">,</span></span><span class="1150">最大进给速度为15 ~ </span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">100</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">m</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">/</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">min</span></span><span class="115"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">,</span></span><span class="1150">定位 精度为</span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">2</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">pm</span></span><span class="1150">左右。介于2 ~ </span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">10</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">pm</span></span><span class="1150">之间的</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">以</span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">±5</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">pm</span></span><span class="1150">较多</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">可称精 密级。</span></p> <p class="1151" style="margin-bottom:16.55pt;text-align:justify;text-justify: inter-ideograph;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><span class="1150">加工中心一般均采用封闭和半封闭结构</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">对于厂房的设置 要求不高</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">同时适合联排设置</span><span class="115">,</span><span class="1150">较易于实现规模生产。同时选择 不同的刀具可以实现多种加工作业</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">具有用途多</span><span class="115">、</span><span class="1150">加工精度高的 特点</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">同时随着程序化作业模式的普及</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">加工中心的操作会更加 便捷</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">用途更加广泛。</span></p> <p class="21" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.7pt; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 8.5pt; background: transparent;"><span class="20">2编程模块的指令化整合优势</span></p> <p class="1151" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.4pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="1150">随着加工中心技术的普及和广泛应用</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">加工中心的众多指 令被已经模块化的操作指令代替</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">编程工作变得越发简单</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">同时 结合模拟示教操作技术的不断完善</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">因为不需要真正熟悉晦涩<br clear="all" /> 难懂的</span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">FANUC</span></span><span class="1150">编程语言</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">加工中心的编程难度在逐渐减小</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">尤 其是融人虚拟轴技术的</span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">CNC</span></span><span class="1150">加工中心为编程的简洁化和可操作 性又增添了新的活力。</span></p> <p class="1151" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">CNC</span></span><span class="1150">加工中心是利用虚拟轴机床主轴的刀具仅需作三维平 移运动</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">其姿态为固定值</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">因此在加工常规零件是</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">组合机械臂 的六个运动自由度</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">只需要通过三个平移矢量计算。由于虚拟 轴机床中不存在沿固定方向导向的导轨</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">数控加工所需的刀具 运动轴</span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">X</span></span><span class="115"><span lang="EN-US">、</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">Y</span></span><span class="115"><span lang="EN-US">、</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">Z</span></span><span class="1150">等并不真正存在</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">因此称为虚拟轴</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">所以即使仅需 获得三维刀具运动</span><span class="115"><span lang="EN-US">（</span></span><span class="1150">姿态恒定仅位置变化</span><span class="1150"><span lang="EN-US">）</span></span><span class="1150">也必需对动平台进 行六自由度控制。这样仅需要对三个矢量坐标进行运算，就可 以精确掌握和分配，而成为一种简洁准确的控制方法，被认为是 本世纪最具革命性的机床设计突破。</span></p> <p class="21" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:0cm;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><span class="20">3加工中心的基本作业程序和程序组设定</span></p> <p class="1151" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="1150">加工中心的常用指令和编程指令两种，一般不同的加工中 心所使用的编程语言有所区别</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">但大多以固定格式的语句的形 式进行编程作业</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">同时若干语句形成一个固定的作业组</span><span class="115">,</span><span class="1150">这样就 使得编程人员能够很快适应编程的方式</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">实质上这是一种固定 的语句</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">通过示教形式反映的操作指令</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">与程序原有的内部程序 形成一种通信的方式</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">需要在操作过程中不断熟悉摸索</span><span class="115">,</span><span class="1150">达到融 会贯通的应用。</span></p> <p class="1151" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="1150">例如如下程序组：</span></p> <p class="1151" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">G</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">04 </span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">X</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">(</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">U</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">)-/</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">P</span></span><span class="1150">指刀具暂停时间</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">可以自主设置进给停止</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">保 持暂停状态</span><span class="115">；</span><span class="1150">可以设置为</span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">G</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">04 </span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">X</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">2.0</span></span><span class="1150">或者</span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">G</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">04 </span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">X</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">3.0</span></span><span class="1150">等</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">表示不同</span></p> <p class="1151" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="1150">的暂停时间。</span></p> <p class="1151" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">G</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">02</span></span><span class="115"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">, </span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">G</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">03</span></span><span class="1150">代表顺时针和逆时针插补</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">可以通过语句模式</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">控 制以某点做圆弧起点和终点坐标</span><span class="115">,</span><span class="1150">加上圆弧到圆心在各个坐标 轴的增加值</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">规定圆弧半径和进给量</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">就可以完成程序语句。</span></p> <p class="1151" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="1150">通过常用的程序语句</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">加上基本的定位和刀具类型</span><span class="115">、</span><span class="1150">加工基 本信息等辅助语句就可以形成一个完整的程序组</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">例如下边的 基本切削指令组示例如下：</span></p> <p class="1151" style="margin-bottom:3.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">T</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">1</span></span></p> <p><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;"> M</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-size: 8pt; font-family: SimSun;">6</span></span></p> <p class="1151" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">G</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">0</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">G</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">90</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">G</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">54</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">X</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">0</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">Y</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">0</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">S</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">400</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">M</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">3</span></span></p> <p class="1151" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">G</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">1</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">G</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">43</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">H</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">1</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">Z</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">50</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">F</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">1000</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">M</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">8</span></span></p> <p class="1151" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">Z</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">10</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">F</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">1000</span></span></p> <p class="1151" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="1150">#1=-45</span></p> <p class="1151" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">Z</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">#1</span></span></p> <p class="1151" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">G</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">41</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">D</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">1</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">Y</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">36</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">F</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">100</span></span></p> <p class="1151" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">N</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">10</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">G</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">91</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">G</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">3</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">J</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">-36</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">Z</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">2</span></span></p> <p class="1151" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="1150">#1=#1+2</span></p> <p class="1141" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><span class="1140"><span lang="EN-US">IF</span></span><span class="114SimSun"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8pt;">[#1</span></span><span class="1140"><span lang="EN-US">LT</span></span><span class="114SimSun"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8pt;">1]</span></span><span class="1140"><span lang="EN-US">GOTO</span></span><span class="114SimSun"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8pt;">10</span></span></p> <p class="1151" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">G</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">1</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">G</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">40</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">G</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">90</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">Y</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">0</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">F</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">1000</span></span></p> <p class="1151" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">Z</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">10</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">F</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">1000</span></span></p> <p class="1151" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">G</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">55</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">X</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">0</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">Y</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">0</span></span></p> <p class="1151" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="1150">#1=-45</span></p> <p class="1151" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">Z</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">#1</span></span></p> <p class="1151" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">G</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">41</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">D</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">1</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">Y</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">36</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">F</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">100</span></span></p> <p class="1151" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">N</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">20</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">G</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">91</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">G</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">3</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">J</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">-36</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">Z</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">2</span></span></p> <p class="1151" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="1150">#1=#1+2</span></p> <p class="1141" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><span class="1140"><span lang="EN-US">IF</span></span><span class="114SimSun"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8pt;">[#1</span></span><span class="1140"><span lang="EN-US">LT</span></span><span class="114SimSun"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8pt;">1]</span></span><span class="1140"><span lang="EN-US">GOTO</span></span><span class="114SimSun"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8pt;">20</span></span></p> <p class="1151" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">G</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">1</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">G</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">40</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">G</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">90</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">Y</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">0</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">F</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">1000</span></span></p> <p class="1151" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">G</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">0</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">G</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">49</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">Z</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">0</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">M</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">9</span></span></p> <p class="1151" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">M</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">5</span></span></p> <p class="1151" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">M</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">30</span></span></p> <p class="21" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 14.15pt; background: transparent;"><span class="20">4刀具的调整和更换</span></p> <p class="1151" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="1150">实际加工中首先通过调整刀偏</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">设定刀具调整公差</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">直到首 件螺纹塞规检查零件检验合格</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">对于常用的数控加工中心而言， 一致性的优异就可以完全保证加工合格。</span></p> <p class="1151" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="1150">加工中心的加工过程就是刀具切削作业过程</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">换刀是作业 者的主要工作</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">注意换刀位置的检查</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">并同时取消刀具补偿和循 环作业</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">关闭冷却液</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">成熟的加工中心都是设定专门的换刀程 序</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">以满足设备保养和维护的需要</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">通常的换刀程序结构大同小 异</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">都以满足加工中心的各类设备需要为主要程序控制点</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">以达 到完善设备安全运行的目的。</span></p> <p class="1151" style="margin-left:33.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="1150">以</span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">PMC</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">-10</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">V</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">20</span></span><span class="1150">加工中心为例</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">程序组编制如下：</span></p> <p class="1141" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm; margin-left:33.0pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;tab-stops: 67.1pt;background:transparent"><span class="114SimSun"><span style="font-size: 8pt; font-family: 宋体;">02002</span></span><span class="114SimSun1"><span style="font-size: 8pt; font-family: 宋体;"> </span></span><span class="114"><span lang="EN-US">(</span></span><span class="1140"><span lang="EN-US">program</span></span><span class="114SimSun"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8pt;"> </span></span><span class="1140"><span lang="EN-US">name</span></span><span class="114SimSun"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8pt;">)</span></span></p> <p class="1151" style="margin-left:33.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">G</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">80</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">G</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">40</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">G</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">49 (</span></span><span class="1150">取消固定循环</span><span class="115">、</span><span class="1150">刀具补偿）</span></p> <p class="1151" style="margin-left:33.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;tab-stops: 75.95pt;background:transparent"><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">M</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">05 </span></span><span class="1150">(主轴停止）</span></p> <p class="1151" style="margin-left:33.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;tab-stops: 75.95pt;background:transparent"><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">M</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">09 </span></span><span class="1150">(冷却液关闭</span><span class="1150"><span lang="EN-US">）</span></span></p> <p class="1151" style="margin-left:33.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;tab-stops: 91.3pt;background:transparent"><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">G</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">91</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">G</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">30</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">Z</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">0 (</span></span><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">Z</span></span><span class="1150">轴回到第二原点）</span></p> <p class="1151" style="margin-left:33.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;tab-stops: 83.65pt;background:transparent"><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">M</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">06; </span></span><span class="1150">(换刀作业）</span></p> <p class="1151" style="margin-left:33.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:0cm;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;tab-stops: 83.65pt;background:transparent"><span class="115Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt;">M</span></span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">99; </span></span><span class="1150">(子程序结束</span><span class="1150"><span lang="EN-US">）</span></span></p> <p class="1151" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="1150">在该程序下</span><span class="115">,</span><span class="1150">只要键人进人相应的程序组</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">即可实现刀具更 换</span><span class="115">,</span><span class="1150">既方便作业也可以避免许多不必要的失误</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">方便可行。</span></p> <p class="21" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:0cm;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><span class="20">5加工中心的加工特点</span></p> <p class="1151" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="1150">对于加工中心而言</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">并不是只是单单替代了原有的加工设 备</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">而是从作业效率和加工精度的一场革命</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">能够充分实现以前 的连接部件直接一次加工成型</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">同时在加工精度上较前受到加 工工具</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">模具的影响所产生的加工累计误差得以消除</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">充分保证 了加工效率和加工精度的优势。</span></p> <p class="1151" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span class="1150">例如需要加工大尺寸螺纹对外形的对称度矣</span><span class="1150"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">0.3</span></span><span class="1150">的钛合金加 工</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">依靠传统的加工方法不但精度无法保证</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">甚至根本无法加 工</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">而利用数控加工中心实现螺纹螺纹铣削加工</span><span class="115">,</span><span class="1150">通过装有螺纹 刀片的镗刀</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">可以加工不同不同旋向的内外螺纹</span><span class="115">,</span><span class="1150">从而实现既保 证螺纹结构</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">同时可以自主选择螺纹旋向的情况下</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">实现零件一 体加工完成</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">而不需要通过多次加工组装完成</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">大大提高了加工 效率</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">同时免除了机加过渡扣或退刀槽结构的设计加工</span><span class="115">,</span><span class="1150">可以起 到事半功倍的效果</span><span class="115">,</span><span class="1150">这是在前加工中心时代无法想象的。而辅 助工具的简化</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">以及螺旋铣刀的耐用程度的提高</span><span class="115">,</span><span class="1150">也为企业加工 降低成本提供了前提保证</span><span class="115">,</span><span class="1150">也减少了作业工人的劳动强度和对 机械修复能力的要求。</span></p> <p class="21" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:0cm;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><span class="20">6结语</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="1151" style="margin-bottom:13.15pt;text-align:justify;text-justify: inter-ideograph;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><span class="1150">数控加工中心的优势在于作业整合化和程式化</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">因此对操 作者的细心程度和对设备的了解程度要求较高</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">设备安全作业 的责任心也需要较强</span><span class="115">，</span><span class="1150">严格执行设备作业规范需要着重注意的 作业习惯。</span></p> <p class="1151" style="margin-bottom:13.15pt;text-align:justify;text-justify: inter-ideograph;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"> </p> <p class="1151" style="margin-bottom:13.15pt;text-align:justify;text-justify: inter-ideograph;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:14.15pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">本文由伯特利数控整理发表文章均来自网络仅供学习参考，转载请注明！</span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"> <span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p></div> <div class="blank30"></div> <!-- tag --> <div class="blank10"></div> 标签： <a href='/index.php?case=tag&act=show&tag=%E6%95%B0%E6%8E%A7%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83' target='_blank'>数控加工中心</a> <a href='/index.php?case=tag&act=show&tag=%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83' target='_blank'>加工中心</a> <a href='/index.php?case=tag&act=show&tag=CNC%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83' target='_blank'>CNC加工中心</a> <a href='/index.php?case=tag&act=show&tag=%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B' target='_blank'>编程</a> <!-- 分类 --> <div class="blank10"></div> 分类： <a href='/bethel/type/jnc/type-1.html' target='_blank'>加工中心</a> <div class="blank30"></div> <!--自动调用自定义字段--> <div class="blank20"></div> <div class="blank30"></div> <!-- 投票 --> <script src="/index.php?case=vote&act=view&aid=1061"></script> <!-- 自定义表单开始 --> <!-- 自定义表单结束 --> <div class="blank60"></div> <!-- 上下页开始 --> <div id="page"> <strong>上一篇</strong><a href="/bethel/news/show_1060.html">数控加工中心常用对刀方法探讨</a> <div class="blank10"></div> <strong>下一篇</strong><a href="/bethel/news/show_1062.html">数控加工中心铣削大直径内螺纹</a> </div> <!-- 上下页结束 --> </div><!-- /container --> <!-- 相关文章开始 --> <div class="blank60"></div> <!-- 页面标题开始 --> <div class="title"> <h3><a><a 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