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text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:23.0pt;line-height:13.7pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><span class="2">数控机床的静刚度对其加工精度具有显著影 响<sup>1</sup>,机床的静刚度可以通过试验法测量。仇健等<sup>2 </sup>测量了某系列卧式加工中心主轴的静刚度，并讨论了 主轴刚度的配置方法。李殿新等<sup>3</sup>以某立式加工中心 为对象，测量了机床整机和主要零件的变形，识别了机 床</span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">y</span></span><span class="2">向静刚度的薄弱环节。试验法虽然可以准确获取 机床的静刚度，但试验必须在机床制造装配完成后开 展,而有限元法可以在设计阶段对机床的性能进行分 析和优化,从而经济高效提高机床的加工精度。国内 外学者对机床的静刚度开展了大量仿真研究,分析结 果却差强人意，而影响仿真精度的最关键因素是无法 对零部件间的结合面准确建模。刘启伟等<sup>4</sup>仿真了某 车床整机的静刚度，向尾台的仿真误差达到</span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">77. </span></span><span class="2">3%。 孙永平等<sup>5</sup>仿真了某</span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">G</span></span><span class="2">型结构立式镗铣床的静刚度，</span></p> <p><span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";letter-spacing:.5pt;mso-ansi-language: #0400;mso-fareast-language:#0400;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA"><br clear="all" /> </span></p> <p class="20" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 13.7pt; background: transparent;"><span class="2">但没有给出结合面间的参数。</span></p> <p class="20" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:7.35pt; margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent: 22.0pt;line-height:13.7pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent"><span class="2">本文以某立式加工中心为研究对象，首先建立了 该机床整机的实体模型,然后将结合面参数添加至有 限元模型，之后对机床整机的静刚度进行了仿真分析, 最后开展了机床静刚度试验，证明了本文仿真分析的 准确性。</span></p> <p class="110" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 1.75pt; line-height: 12pt; background: transparent;"><a name="bookmark3"><span class="11Georgia"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">1</span></span></a><span class="11">机床整机实体模型建立</span></p> <p><span class="2"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">本文研究的机床如图1所 示，主要由床身底座、床身、立柱、 主轴箱、主轴、刀柄、十字滑台和 工作台组成。在</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8.5pt;">Pro/E</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">中建立机 床的实体模型时，将尺寸较小的 </span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: SimSun;">?</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8.5pt;">L</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">、凸台、键槽等特征简化，建立 的整机实体模型如图2所示。</span></span></p> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:23.0pt;line-height:13.7pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><span class="2">建立实体模型后，将模型导入</span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">ANSYS</span></span><span class="2">中进行有限 元分析。图2中零件的材料均为</span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">HT</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">300,</span></span><span class="2">弹性模量为 </span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">120</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">GPa</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">,</span></span><span class="2">泊松比为</span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">0. </span></span><span class="2">3,密度为</span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">7200</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">kg</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">/</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">m</span></span><span class="2"><sup><span style="font-family: SimSun;">3</span></sup></span><span class="2">。添加材料 属性后，对机床整机采用自由网格划分,有限元模型共 有127259个节点和65916个单元，如图3所示。</span></p> <div> </div> <p class="11120" style="margin-top:8.55pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:2.9pt; margin-left:0cm;line-height:8.5pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent"><a name="bookmark4"><span class="1112">2结合面建模方法</span></a></p> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:23.0pt;line-height:13.45pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><span class="2">机床的两个相邻零件以结合面的方式接触，大量 研究表明，机床总柔度的30% ~50% <sup>6</sup>是由于结合面 产生的。机床整机静刚度仿真时，通常将结合面的刚 度值通过弹簧单元的方式添加到有限元模型中。本文 对仿真精度影响较大的结合面存在于床身底座与床 身、床身与立柱、立柱与主轴箱、主轴箱与主轴、主轴与 刀柄、床身与十字滑台、十字滑台与工作台之间。</span></p> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:23.0pt;line-height:13.45pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><span class="2">本机床结合面的类型主要有以下3类:①存在于 床身底座与床身、床身与立柱、主轴箱与主轴之间的螺 栓固定结合面，建模时在每个螺栓位置沿</span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">x</span></span><span class="2-1pt"><span lang="EN-US">、、</span></span><span class="2-1pt">向各 </span><span class="2">添加一个弹簧单元;②存在于立柱与主轴箱、床身与十 字滑台、十字滑台与工作台之间的导轨滑块结合面，建 模时在每个滑块与导轨接触面的4个顶点处沿</span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">x</span></span><span class="2"><span lang="EN-US">、、</span></span><span class="2"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: SimSun;"> </span></span><span class="2">向各添加一个弹簧单元;③存在于主轴与刀柄之间的 轴承结合面，建模时在每个轴承位置沿轴向和径向各 添加一个弹簧单元。</span></p> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:23.0pt;line-height:13.45pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><span class="2">影响结合面刚度值的因素很多，如相邻两个零件<br clear="all" /> 的重量、结合面的面积、预紧力大小、接触表面的粗糙 度等<sup>[740]</sup>。课题组对结合面刚度辨识方法进行了大量 研究，并建立了刚度值数据库，通过查询数据库，得到 各结合面的刚度值如表1所示。另外，主轴与刀柄之 间存在前轴承、后轴承两处支撑，前轴承的轴向刚度为</span></p> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:0cm;line-height:13.7pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:12.75pt;background:transparent"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: SimSun;">0.<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span class="2">6 </span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">xl</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">0</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><sup><span lang="EN-US">s</span></sup><span lang="EN-US">N</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">/</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">m</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">,</span></span><span class="2">径向刚度为</span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">7. </span></span><span class="2">7 </span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">x</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;"> 10</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><sup><span lang="EN-US">s</span></sup><span lang="EN-US">N</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">/</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">m</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">;</span></span><span class="2">后轴承的轴 向刚度为</span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">1. </span></span><span class="2">6 </span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">x</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;"> 10<sup>8</sup></span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">N</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">/</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">m</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">,</span></span><span class="2">径向刚度为</span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">7. </span></span><span class="2">5 </span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">x</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;"> 10<sup>8</sup></span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">N</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">/</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">m</span></span><span class="2"><span lang="EN-US">。</span></span></p> <div> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" width="315" align="center"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" align="left" style="padding-top:0cm;padding-right:0cm; padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0cm"> <p class="30" style="line-height:7.5pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent;mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap: no-wrap-beside;mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column;mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="3">表1各结合面的刚度值（10<sup>9</sup> </span><span class="3"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">• </span></span><span class="37pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 7pt;">N/m</span></span><span class="3"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">)</span></span></p> <div align="center"> <table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse:collapse;mso-table-layout-alt:fixed;mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm"> <tbody> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes;height:14.15pt;mso-height-rule: exactly"> <td width="134" valign="bottom" style="width: 100.3pt; border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:7.5pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">结合面位置</span></span></p> </td> <td width="65" valign="bottom" style="width: 48.95pt; border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">X</span><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">向</span></span></p> </td> <td width="57" valign="bottom" style="width: 42.7pt; border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">y</span><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">向</span></span></p> </td> <td width="60" valign="bottom" style="width: 44.65pt; border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">z</span><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">向</span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:1;height:14.4pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"> <td width="134" style="width: 100.3pt; border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:7.5pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">床身一床身底座</span></span></p> </td> <td width="65" style="width: 48.95pt; border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">0.4193</span></p> </td> <td width="57" style="width: 42.7pt; border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">0. 7912</span></p> </td> <td width="60" style="width: 44.65pt; border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">0.7109</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:2;height:14.15pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"> <td width="134" style="width: 100.3pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:7.5pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">床身一立柱</span></span></p> </td> <td width="65" style="width: 48.95pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">2.5705</span></p> </td> <td width="57" style="width: 42.7pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">1.3864</span></p> </td> <td width="60" style="width: 44.65pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">1. 5244</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:3;height:14.15pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"> <td width="134" style="width: 100.3pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:7.5pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">立柱一主轴箱</span></span></p> </td> <td width="65" style="width: 48.95pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">2.6534</span></p> </td> <td width="57" style="width: 42.7pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 10pt; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 9pt; background: transparent;"><span class="2Garamond">4. 5522</span></p> </td> <td width="60" style="width: 44.65pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">0. 3833</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:4;height:14.15pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"> <td width="134" style="width: 100.3pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:7.5pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">主轴箱一主轴</span></span></p> </td> <td width="65" style="width: 48.95pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">0.4362</span></p> </td> <td width="57" style="width: 42.7pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 10pt; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 9pt; background: transparent;"><span class="2Garamond">0. 7845</span></p> </td> <td width="60" style="width: 44.65pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">2. 318</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:5;height:14.15pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"> <td width="134" style="width: 100.3pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:7.5pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">床身一十字滑台</span></span></p> </td> <td width="65" style="width: 48.95pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">0. 7572</span></p> </td> <td width="57" style="width: 42.7pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 10pt; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 9pt; background: transparent;"><span class="2Garamond">0. 1858</span></p> </td> <td width="60" style="width: 44.65pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">0. 4735</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:6;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes;height:14.65pt;mso-height-rule: exactly"> <td width="134" style="width: 100.3pt; border-style: none none solid; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.65pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:7.5pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">十字滑台一工作台</span></span></p> </td> <td width="65" style="width: 48.95pt; border-style: none none solid; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.65pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">0. 3155</span></p> </td> <td width="57" style="width: 42.7pt; border-style: none none solid; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.65pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">0. 1521</span></p> </td> <td width="60" style="width: 44.65pt; border-style: none none solid; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.65pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">0. 3555</span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <p class="11120" style="margin-top:12.05pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:4.75pt; margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;line-height: 8.5pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent"><a name="bookmark5"><span class="1112">3机床整机静刚度仿真分析</span></a></p> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:23.0pt;line-height:13.7pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;tab-stops:127.2pt;background:transparent"><span class="2">本文仿真机床整机沿</span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">x</span></span><span class="2"><span lang="EN-US">、、</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">3</span></span><span class="2">个方向的静刚度时, 将数值为</span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">2000</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">N</span></span><span class="2">且反向的载荷分别施加在刀柄下端 面和工作台上端面的中心点，并将床身底座与地面的 接触面固定约束。机床 向静刚度的仿真结果分</span></p> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:0cm;line-height:13.7pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><span class="2">别如图4、图5、图6所示。</span></p> <p> </p> <p class="20" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:7.95pt; margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent: 23.0pt;line-height:13.7pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent"><span class="2">由图4可以看出，向仿真时，刀柄中心点的位移 为</span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">-0. 20364</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">mm</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">,</span></span><span class="2">工作台中心点的位移为</span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">+0. </span></span><span class="2">0025570 </span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">mm</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">,</span></span><span class="2">两者的相对位移为</span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">0. 2061970</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">mm</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">,</span></span><span class="2">因此</span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">x</span></span><span class="2">向的静 刚度为： ⑴</span></p> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:23.0pt;line-height:13.7pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t202" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="202" path="m,l,21600r21600,l21600,xe"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter" /> <v:path gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect" /> </v:shapetype><v:shape id="_x0000_s1026" type="#_x0000_t202" style='position:absolute; left:0;text-align:left;margin-left:221.75pt;margin-top:59.75pt;width:13.45pt; height:8.25pt;text-indent:0;z-index:-2;mso-wrap-distance-left:102pt; mso-wrap-distance-top:.35pt;mso-wrap-distance-right:5pt; mso-wrap-distance-bottom:1.4pt;mso-position-horizontal-relative:margin; mso-position-vertical-relative:margin' filled="f" stroked="f"> <v:textbox style='mso-fit-shape-to-text:t' inset="0,0,0,0"> <![if !mso]> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%"> <tr> <td><![endif]> <div> <p class=2500 align=left style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:left;text-indent:0cm;line-height:8.5pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent'><span class=250Exact><span lang=EN-US style='color:black'>(3)</span></span></p> </div> <![if !mso]></td> </tr> </table> <![endif]></v:textbox> <w:wrap type="square" side="left" anchorx="margin" anchory="margin" /> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img width="22" height="15" src="file:///E:/QQPCmgr/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image001.gif" align="right" hspace="72" style="margin-left:64px;margin-right:-64px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom: 2px" alt="文本框: (3)" v:shapes="_x0000_s1026" /><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_s1027" type="#_x0000_t202" style='position:absolute;left:0; text-align:left;margin-left:124.3pt;margin-top:60.65pt;width:58.55pt;height:8.25pt; text-indent:0;z-index:-1;mso-wrap-distance-left:5pt;mso-wrap-distance-top:1.25pt; mso-wrap-distance-right:52.3pt;mso-wrap-distance-bottom:1.2pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative:margin;mso-position-vertical-relative:margin' filled="f" stroked="f"> <v:textbox style='mso-fit-shape-to-text:t' inset="0,0,0,0"> <![if !mso]> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%"> <tr> <td><![endif]> <div> <p class=2500 align=left style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:left;text-indent:0cm;line-height:8.5pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent'><span class=250Exact><span style='color:black;mso-ansi-language:ZH-CN;mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN'>=15268 </span><span lang=EN-US style='color:black'>N/mm</span></span></p> </div> <![if !mso]></td> </tr> </table> <![endif]></v:textbox> <w:wrap type="square" side="left" anchorx="margin" anchory="margin" /> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img width="83" height="15" src="file:///E:/QQPCmgr/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image002.gif" align="right" hspace="39" vspace="2" style="margin-left:-32px;margin-right:32px" alt="文本框: =15268 N/mm" v:shapes="_x0000_s1027" /><!--[endif]--><span class="2">由图6可以看出，向仿真时，刀柄中心点的位移 为</span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">+0. </span></span><span class="2">10951075 </span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">mm</span></span><span class="23pt"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">,</span></span><span class="23pt">工作台中心点的位移为 </span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">-0.021486</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">mm</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">,</span></span><span class="2">两者的相对位移为</span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">0. 13099675</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">mm</span></span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">,</span></span><span class="2">因 此</span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">z</span></span><span class="2">向的静刚度为：</span></p> <p class="2500" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.5pt 90pt; text-indent: 0cm; line-height: 8.5pt; background: transparent;"><span class="250">2000</span></p> <p class="2500" align="right" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align: right;text-indent:0cm;line-height:8.5pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly; background:transparent"><span class="250"><span lang="EN-US">0. </span></span><span class="250">13099675</span></p> <p class="20" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:7.15pt; margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent: 23.0pt;line-height:13.7pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent"><span class="2">根据仿真结果可知，向的静刚度最小,向的静 刚度最大。施加载何后，由床身底座、床身、十字滑台 和工作台串联组成的支路变形很小,而由床身底座、床 身、立柱、主轴箱、主轴、刀柄串联组成的支路变形大得 多。由图4、图5、图6可以看出，施加载荷后，立柱带 动主轴箱、主轴和刀柄变形。因此，可以采取以下措施 提高机床整机的静刚度:①加大立柱与床身之间结合 面的刚度值;②改变立柱内部筋板的布局，从而提高立 柱本身的静刚度。</span></p> <p class="11120" style="margin-bottom:2.45pt;line-height:8.5pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><a name="bookmark6"><span class="1112">4机床整机静刚度试验测试</span></a></p> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:23.0pt;line-height:13.7pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><span class="2">为了验证仿真分析的准确性，对机床静刚度开展 试验测试。将机床各零件放置在与仿真分析时对应的 位置上;采用压力传感器施加载荷，将压力传感器的下 端固定在工作台上</span><span class="2"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">,2000</span></span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">N</span></span><span class="2">的载荷施加在刀柄上;采用 千分表测量刀柄相对工作台的变形，千分表的底座固 定在工作台上，指针垂直于刀柄的被测表面。</span><span class="2Georgia"><span lang="EN-US">x</span></span><span class="2">、、</span><span class="2">向 静刚度试验测试分别如图7、图8、图9所示。</span></p> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:13.9pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><span class="2">每个方向均测量3次,3次结果取平均值,3个方 向的静刚度试验结果如表2所示。为了验证仿真分析 的精度,将仿真分析的刚度值、仿真误差也列于表2。</span></p> <div> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" width="315" align="center"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" align="left" style="padding-top:0cm;padding-right:0cm; padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0cm"> <p class="30" style="line-height:7.5pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent;mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap: no-wrap-beside;mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column;mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="31pt">表2静刚度试验与仿真值对比</span></p> <div align="center"> <table class="MsoNormalTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse:collapse;mso-table-layout-alt:fixed;mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm"> <tbody> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes;height:14.4pt;mso-height-rule: exactly"> <td width="132" valign="bottom" style="width: 99.35pt; border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:7.5pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">静刚度</span></span></p> </td> <td width="66" valign="bottom" style="width: 49.2pt; border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">x</span><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">向</span></span></p> </td> <td width="58" valign="bottom" style="width: 43.45pt; border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">y</span><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">向</span></span></p> </td> <td width="60" valign="bottom" style="width: 44.65pt; border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.4pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">z</span><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">向</span></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:1;height:13.9pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"> <td width="132" style="width: 99.35pt; border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 13.9pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">试验值</span></span><span class="275pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 7.5pt;">（</span></span><span class="2Garamond">N/mm)</span></p> </td> <td width="66" style="width: 49.2pt; border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 13.9pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">9255</span></p> </td> <td width="58" style="width: 43.45pt; border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 13.9pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">11700</span></p> </td> <td width="60" style="width: 44.65pt; border-style: solid none none; border-top-color: windowtext; border-top-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 13.9pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">15517</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:2;height:14.15pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"> <td width="132" style="width: 99.35pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">仿真值</span></span><span class="275pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 7.5pt;">（</span></span><span class="2Garamond">N/mm)</span></p> </td> <td width="66" style="width: 49.2pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">9700</span></p> </td> <td width="58" style="width: 43.45pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">12258</span></p> </td> <td width="60" style="width: 44.65pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.15pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">15268</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style="mso-yfti-irow:3;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes;height:14.9pt;mso-height-rule: exactly"> <td width="132" style="width: 99.35pt; border-style: none none solid; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.9pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="275pt"><span style="font-size: 7.5pt;">仿真误差</span></span><span class="2Garamond"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体;">（％</span></span><span class="2Garamond">)</span></p> </td> <td width="66" style="width: 49.2pt; border-style: none none solid; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.9pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">4.81</span></p> </td> <td width="58" style="width: 43.45pt; border-style: none none solid; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.9pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">4. 77</span></p> </td> <td width="60" style="width: 44.65pt; border-style: none none solid; border-bottom-color: windowtext; border-bottom-width: 1pt; padding: 0cm; height: 14.9pt; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-size: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial;"> <p class="20" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:0cm; line-height:9.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent; mso-element:frame;mso-element-frame-width:236.65pt;mso-element-wrap:no-wrap-beside; mso-element-anchor-vertical:paragraph;mso-element-anchor-horizontal:column; mso-element-left:center;mso-element-top:.05pt;mso-height-rule:exactly"><span class="2Garamond">-1.60</span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <p class="20" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:7.95pt; margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent: 23.0pt;line-height:13.7pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent"> </p> <p class="1010" style="margin-top:.25pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:6.15pt; margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent: 20.0pt;line-height:13.9pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent"><span class="101">由表</span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">2</span></span><span class="101">可以看出,</span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">3</span></span><span class="101">个方向的仿真误差均在</span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">±5% </span></span><span class="101">以内，说明第</span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">3</span></span><span class="101">节使用的结合面参数准确，本文建立的 有限元模型准确反映了机床整机的实际静刚度</span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">。</span></span></p> <p class="11120" style="line-height:10.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly; background:transparent"><a name="bookmark7"><span class="111210pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">5</span></span></a><span class="1112">结论</span></p> <p class="20" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:7.95pt; margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent: 23.0pt;line-height:13.7pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent"> </p> <p class="1010" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:13.7pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><span class="101">本文以某立式加工中心为对象，首先采用有限元 软件仿真分析了机床整机的静刚度，重点介绍了各主 要结合面的建模方法和结合面刚度值,仿真分析得到 </span><span class="10185pt1"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">*、、3</span></span><span class="101">个方向的静刚度值分别为</span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">9700 </span></span><span class="101Georgia"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8.5pt;">N</span></span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: SimSun;">/</span></span><span class="101Georgia"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8.5pt;">mm</span></span><span class="10185pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8.5pt;">、</span></span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">12258 </span></span><span class="101Georgia"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8.5pt;">N/mm</span></span><span class="101MingLiU"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;">、</span></span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">15268 </span></span><span class="101Georgia"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8.5pt;">N/mm</span></span><span class="101Garamond3"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 5pt;">,</span></span><span class="101">试验测试得到</span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">3</span></span><span class="101">个方向的静刚度 值分别为 </span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">9255 </span></span><span class="101Georgia"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8.5pt;">N</span></span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: SimSun;">/</span></span><span class="101Georgia"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8.5pt;">mm</span></span><span class="10185pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8.5pt;">、</span></span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">11700 </span></span><span class="101Georgia"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8.5pt;">N</span></span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: SimSun;">/</span></span><span class="101Georgia"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8.5pt;">mm</span></span><span class="10185pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8.5pt;">、</span></span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">15517 </span></span><span class="101Georgia"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 8.5pt;">N/mm</span></span><span class="101"><span style="font-family: SimSun;">,</span></span><span class="101">证 明本文的有限元模型精度很高</span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">。</span></span><span class="101">为了提高机床整机的 静刚度，可以修改立柱内部筋板的布局从而提高其静 刚度</span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">，</span></span><span class="101">并加大立柱与床身之间结合面的参数</span><span class="10185pt"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt;">。</span></span></p> <p class="1010" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:13.7pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"> </p> <p class="1010" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:20.0pt;line-height:13.7pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">本文由伯特利数控整理发表文章均来自网络仅供学习参考，转载请注明！</span></p></div> <div class="blank30"></div> <!-- tag --> <div class="blank10"></div> 标签： <a href='/index.php?case=tag&act=show&tag=%E7%AB%8B%E5%BC%8F%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83' target='_blank'>立式加工中心</a> <a href='/index.php?case=tag&act=show&tag=%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83' target='_blank'>加工中心</a> <a 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