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21pt;"> 1 </span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋体;">将工业自动化设备</span><span style="text-indent: 21pt;"> </span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋体;">组织</span><span style="text-indent: 21pt;"> </span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋体;">起来</span><span style="text-indent: 21pt;"> </span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋体;">这样做的好处是可以由一个操作者监控一个</span><span style="text-indent: 21pt;"> </span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋体;">群</span><span style="text-indent: 21pt;"> </span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋体;">提高了劳动生产率</span><span style="text-indent: 21pt;"> </span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋体;">同时</span><span style="text-indent: 21pt;"> </span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋体;">群</span><span style="text-indent: 21pt;"> </span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋体;">可连入网络</span><span style="text-indent: 21pt;"> </span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋体;">易于实施远程控制</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">实施图</span><span lang="EN-US"> 1 </span><span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">障碍在于</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">原有的自动化设备不具备入群的功能</span> <span style="font-family:宋体; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">而仅给自动化设备增加入群功能来构建图</span><span lang="EN-US"> 1 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">势必造成图</span><span lang="EN-US"> 1 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">系统功能的冗余而增加成本</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">较好的开发方法是将图</span><span lang="EN-US"> 1 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">看作一个系统</span> <span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">下位机</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">自动化设备</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">不过是系统的</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">元素</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">首先考虑的是系统应有的功能和功能如何在系统中分布</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">然后再考虑</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">元素</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">功能的实现</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US"><img src="/upload/images/201406/14037082173928.jpg" alt="" /><br /> <!--[endif]--></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">设</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">自动化设备</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">为两坐标数控系统</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">一个独立的数控系统的功能有编辑</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">空运行</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">含离线插补</span><span lang="EN-US">) </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">零件加工</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">含在线插补</span><span lang="EN-US">) </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">手动</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">回零</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">对刀和显示</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">而图</span><span lang="EN-US"> 1 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">系统的功能在上位机与下位机之间的分布是</span><span lang="EN-US"> 1) </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">上位机</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">集群监控机</span><span lang="EN-US">)</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">的功能</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">编辑</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">虚拟加工</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">含离线插补</span><span lang="EN-US">) </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">零件加工</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">手动</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">回零</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">图形显示</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">网络通信</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">连接下位机</span><span lang="EN-US">) </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">网关功能</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">连接</span><span lang="EN-US"> Internet)</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">等</span><span lang="EN-US"> 2) </span><span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">下位机</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">可入群数控系统</span><span lang="EN-US">)</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">的功能有</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">零件加工</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">手动</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">回零</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">对刀</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">数字显示</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">网络通信</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">连接上位机</span><span lang="EN-US">)</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">等</span><span lang="EN-US">[1]</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">其中</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">零件加工</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">是依离线插补的结果</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">自定义指令和机加工数据流</span><span lang="EN-US">)</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">进行的</span><span lang="EN-US">[2]</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">显然</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">图</span><span lang="EN-US"> 1 </span><span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">中数控系统与独立的数控系统相比</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">功能有较大不同</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">1 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">总体设计</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">1.1 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">工况与设定工况的操作</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">设置五种工况以分别完成下位机除网络通信外的所有功能</span> <span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">零件加工</span><span lang="EN-US">(AUTO) </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">回零</span><span lang="EN-US">(ZRT) </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">手动</span><span lang="EN-US"> 1(H1) </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">手动</span><span lang="EN-US"> 2(H2) </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">手动</span><span lang="EN-US"> 3(H3)</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">三种手动工况对应不同的刀架驱动速度</span> <span style="font-family:宋体; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">任何手动工况下都可以完成对刀功能</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">图</span><span lang="EN-US"> 1 </span><span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">系统要求既能在下位机设定自身工况</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">也能在上位机设定该下位机的工况</span> <span style="font-family:宋体; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">这就意味着下位机上常见的波段开关设置工况的方法不可取</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">笔者在下位机设立一个</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">工况键</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">和一个</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">工况标识</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">变量</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">工况标识</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">既可由</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">工况键</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">修改</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">也可以由上位机直接修改</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">工况标识</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">为</span><span lang="EN-US"> 0 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">到</span><span lang="EN-US"> 4 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">的取值</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">分别对应</span><span lang="EN-US"> 5 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">种工况</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">1.2 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">输入</span> <span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">输出与显示</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">输入信号主要来自数控系统操作键</span> <span style="font-family:宋体; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">主要有</span><span lang="EN-US"> 4 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">个手动键</span><span lang="EN-US"> X+ X- Z+ Z- </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">启动键</span> <span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">急停键</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">单步</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">连续选择开关</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">以及行程限位开关和控制螺纹加工的光电编码器</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">输出信号除对驱动电路的输出</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">以驱动刀架</span><span lang="EN-US">)</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">之外</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">主要由</span><span lang="EN-US"> M S T </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">指令产生</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">有控制主轴转速</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">控制刀架自动转位等输出显示器采用</span><span lang="EN-US"> 1 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">个米字管和</span><span lang="EN-US"> 7 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">个</span><span lang="EN-US"> 8 </span><span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">段</span> <span lang="EN-US">LED </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">用一个键切换即时显示内容</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">1.3 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">驱动电路与网络通信</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">驱动电路与数控系统是否入群无关</span> <span style="font-family:宋体; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">本文不作讨论</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">网络通信功能涉及到的技术较多</span> <span style="font-family:宋体; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">另有讨论的专文</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">本文仅介绍与之相关的硬件</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">2.</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">硬件方案</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">采用</span><span lang="EN-US"> 8031 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">单片机</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">程序存储器</span><span lang="EN-US"> ROM </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">容量用</span><span lang="EN-US"> 32KB(</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">基于笔者的开发经验确定</span><span lang="EN-US">) </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">数据存储器主要保存上位机传来的机加工数据流</span> <span style="font-family:宋体; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">其容量大小决定加工工件的大小</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">一个字节数据流对应加工轨迹长度为</span><span lang="EN-US"> 4*10-2mm[2]</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">若选择</span><span lang="EN-US"> 32KBRAM </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">作为数据存储器</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">其对应的加工轨迹长度为</span><span lang="EN-US"> 32K*4*10-2mm </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">近</span><span lang="EN-US"> 1300mm </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">可以满足绝大多数情况下的加工要求</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">工况键</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">接入</span><span lang="EN-US"> 8031 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">的外部中断</span><span lang="EN-US"> 0 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">在相应中断服务程序中修改</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">工况标识</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">并用一个输出接口控制</span><span lang="EN-US"> 5 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">个</span><span lang="EN-US"> LED </span><span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">对应指示</span><span lang="EN-US"> 5 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">种工况</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">用一个输入接口接入键</span><span lang="EN-US"> X+ X- Z+ Z- </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">光电编码器接到</span><span lang="EN-US"> 8031 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">的</span><span lang="EN-US"> T1 </span><span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">和</span><span lang="EN-US"> T0</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">脚</span> <span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">其他输入键接到</span><span lang="EN-US"> P1 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">口</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">用一个输出接口控制驱动电路驱动刀架</span> <span style="font-family:宋体; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">一个输出接口输出与</span><span lang="EN-US"> M S T </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">指令对应的</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">编码</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">由此产生相应控制信号</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">另外用九个输出接口控制显示器</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">为构建图</span><span lang="EN-US"> 1 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">系统</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">为</span><span lang="EN-US"> 8031 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">串行口新增了以</span><span lang="EN-US"> RS-232 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">电平标准的半双工通信接口电路</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">限于篇幅</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">电路图从略</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">3.</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">主控软件</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">图</span><span lang="EN-US"> 2 </span><span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">为系统软件总框图</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">其中</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">工况标识</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">由外部中断</span><span lang="EN-US"> 0 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">服务程序设定或由上位机传来</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">所谓主控软件指图</span><span lang="EN-US"> 2 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">中标号</span><span lang="EN-US"> WORKST </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">到标号</span><span lang="EN-US"> WORKEND </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">部分</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">图</span><span lang="EN-US"> 3 </span><span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">为主控软件框图</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">图</span><span lang="EN-US"> 3 </span><span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">考虑了多指令共段和共段指令执行顺序</span><span lang="EN-US"> TST </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">分支实现除</span><span lang="EN-US"> T00 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">指令外全部</span><span lang="EN-US"> T </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">指令的功能</span><span lang="EN-US"> M1S </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">分支实现</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">了</span><span lang="EN-US"> M03 M04 M06 M97 M98 M99 M21 M22 M23 M24 M25M26 M27 M28 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">等指令的功能</span><span lang="EN-US"> M2S </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">分支实现了</span><span lang="EN-US"> M00,M02,M05,M30,M20 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">等指令的功能</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">也考虑了模态指令的处理</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">可入群数控系统的独特部分在图</span><span lang="EN-US"> 3 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">以标号</span><span lang="EN-US"> GST </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">开始</span><span lang="EN-US"> WK4 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">结束的分支</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">这一分支的详细框图见图</span><span lang="EN-US"> 5</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">图</span><span lang="EN-US"> 5 </span><span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">各分支对应相应的</span><span lang="EN-US"> G </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">指令</span> <span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">其中的</span><span lang="EN-US"> G00 G01 G32 G33 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">对应无须插补的加工指令</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">需要插补的</span><span lang="EN-US"> G01 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">指令和曲线插补都由上位机离线插补成机加工数据流</span> <span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">并传递到下位机</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">由</span><span lang="EN-US"> G02 </span><span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">指令</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">自定义指令中</span><span lang="EN-US"> G02 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">已经不是圆弧插补指令</span><span lang="EN-US">)</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">标识之</span><span lang="EN-US"> G02 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">指令格式为</span><span lang="EN-US"> G02xx yy xx </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">和</span><span lang="EN-US"> yy </span><span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">都为两字节</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">分别指示数据流存放地起始地址和终止地址</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">图</span><span lang="EN-US"> 6 </span><span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">为图</span><span lang="EN-US"> 5 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">的</span><span lang="EN-US"> G02 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">分支框图</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">图中的标识</span><span lang="EN-US"> sdkzh </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">由图</span><span lang="EN-US"> 4 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">置位</span><span lang="EN-US">sdkzh </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">为</span><span lang="EN-US"> 1 </span><span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">表示刀架已进给一步</span><span lang="EN-US">(10-2mm) </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">图</span><span lang="EN-US"> 4 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">为定时器</span><span lang="EN-US"> 0 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">中断服务程序</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">它控制加工速度</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">刀架进给和即时坐标显示</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">其它程序或复用原程序或另文介绍</span> <span style="font-family:宋体; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">故此处不赘述</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">4.</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">结束语</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">这是一个应用项目的技术方案</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">它实现了文献</span><span lang="EN-US">[1] [2]</span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">的内容</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">限于篇幅</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">本文没有给出具体硬件电路和全部软件框图</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">但给出了硬件的详细方案和介绍了有自身特色的主控软件</span> <span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">由于本数控系统是图</span><span lang="EN-US"> 1 </span><span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">的</span> <span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">元素</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">在图</span><span lang="EN-US"> 1 </span><span style="font-family: 宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">系统功能不变的前提下</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">元素</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">的功能得到简化甚至部分功能取消</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">这使系统成本下降且便于集群监控</span> <span style="font-family:宋体; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">这样的系统也易于构建工业自动线或接入互联网实现远程监控</span> <span style="font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">有较好实际意义</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin-top:4.5pt;margin-right:0cm; margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0cm;text-align:center;line-height:13.5pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan;mso-outline-level:1"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;color:#666666;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">本文由<span lang="EN-US"> <a href="http://www.bethel-cnc.com/"><span 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